30-1-2026:
Syrian govt announces 'comprehensive agreement' to integrate Kurdish-led SDF
The Syrian government reached an agreement on 30
January with the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) for a ceasefire
and comprehensive deal to integrate the military and administrative forces
of the two sides.
Syrian state media SANA
reported Friday that
the agreement includes the withdrawal of the SDF's military forces from
contact lines and the deployment of Interior Ministry security forces from
Damascus to the centers of the cities of Hasakah and Qamishli to begin the
process of integrating security forces in the region.
The deal includes
integrating SDF-led Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria
(AANES) institutions into Syrian state structures while retaining civilian
employees.
SDF fighters from the
Arab-majority and tribal areas of northeast Syria abandoned the coalition's
Kurdish leadership, allowing Sharaa's forces to take full control of
Raqqa and Deir Ezzor governorates. The SDF retained control of Hasakah and
Qamishli, which have a large Kurdish minority.
30-1-2026:
Why the Middle East can’t do without Russia
29-1-2026:
From Damascus to the Kremlin: The visit that reminded the world who matters
On 28 January,
Syria’s transitional president Ahmed al-Sharaa returned to Moscow for a
working visit and held talks with President Vladimir Putin.
The fact that this was his second trip to the
Russian capital in a short space of time spoke louder than any ceremonial
handshake.
The composition
of the accompanying delegation made the message unmistakable.
Foreign policy, defense, and sensitive regional
portfolios were all represented, as if Damascus had arrived not with one
conversation to have, but with an entire state to rebuild.
This is where
the broader conclusion emerges. The very intensity
of Damascus’s engagement with Moscow under a new leadership underscores the
continuing weight of Russia in regional affairs. Syria could have
tried to diversify quietly and keep Russia at arm’s length, treating the old
relationship as baggage. Instead, it chose to reaffirm the channel quickly
and publicly, using both practical negotiation and heavy symbolism. That
choice is a recognition that Russia is not an optional participant in the
regional equation. It is a power whose role has
become structurally embedded in the security and diplomatic landscape of the
Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant
28-1-2026:
Syrian president visits Russia for second time in four months
Moscow and
Damascus plan to work together in a range of fields,
including healthcare, construction, industry, and
sports, according to Putin. Russian construction companies and businesses
are ready to work jointly with their Syrian partners on the Middle Eastern
nation’s reconstruction, he noted.
28-1-2026:
Syria security breaches are harming Iraq – senior military figure
28-1-2028:
Putin 'very pleased' with Syria ties as Sharaa visits Moscow
27-1-2026:
Putin to host Syria’s self-proclaimed president as Russia quietly withdraws
troops
27-1-2026:
Betrayed by America: Syria’s Kurds brace for life without US
As Damascus
announces a 15-day extension of its ceasefire, the clock is ticking for
Syria’s Kurdish-led forces. With the United States reportedly reconsidering
its military presence and pressure mounting on the
Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) to integrate into the national army,
the coming weeks could determine whether Syria edges toward uneasy
compromise or plunges back into bloodshed.
The pause comes
amid reports that the US is considering a full
withdrawal of its roughly 1,000 troops stationed alongside Kurdish forces in
Syria.
That alliance
dates back to 2015, when Syria was engulfed by war and large swaths of
territory had fallen under the control of jihadist groups. At the time, the
administration of US President Barack Obama was searching for a reliable
local force capable of confronting Islamic State.
The establishment of the SDF, a coalition led by Kurdish fighters but
including Arab and other minority groups, provided such a partner. US
backing proved decisive in rolling back IS and dismantling its territorial
“caliphate.”
26-1-2026:
Exclusive: Syria's president reaches out to Kobane's Kurds after SDF leader
rattles US envoy3
25-1-2026:
Baghdad says it will prosecute Islamic State detainees transferred from
Syria
25-1-2026:
Clashes continue between Syrian forces, Kurdish-led SDF despite ceasefire
extension
25-1-2026:
Syria frees 126 minors from Raqqa prison as SDF ceasefire extended
24-1-2026:
Syria after Assad: How the YPG's separatist dream finally died
A decisive
military offensive by the new
Syrian government has brought to an end the separatist dream of the Kurdish People’s Protection Units
(YPG) in the country’s northeast.
Throughout the
Syrian conflict, the group shifted its loyalty from
the Assad regime to
Iran, then
Russia, then the United States
and the European Union, and finally Israel. At no point since 2011
could it have held its ground against its opponents without massive funding,
weapons and air support from the US and others.
The YPG’s defeat was met with
celebrations in cities like
Tabqa and
Raqqa, where people had
long resented its rule. For so long, western media
and foreign decision-makers have romanticised the YPG and its Kurdistan
Workers’ Party (PKK) affiliates as freedom fighters and champions of
democracy.
But the crimes it has committed
against
civilians in the last few days -
including the use of
young suicide bombers, attacks on
civilian towers, destruction of
bridges and
releasing Islamic State fighters
from prison - highlight its true nature. The YPG’s
prisons have drawn comparisons with those of the Assad regime after
journalists were able to gain access to them.
23-1-2026:
US mulling complete troop withdrawal from Syria – WSJ
23-1-2026:
Jailbreaks and confusion in Syrian IS prisons after sudden SDF pullout
23-1-2026:
Families fear for detainees as US moves Islamic State prisoners out of
northeast Syria
23-1-2026:
US mulls 'full withdrawal' from Syria after SDF defeat: Report
If the SDF fully disbands,
the US officials see no reason for the American
military to stay in Syria. One factor is the difficulties posed by
working with [Syrian President] Sharaa’s army. The
force is riddled with jihadist sympathizers, including soldiers with ties to
Al-Qaeda and ISIS and others who have been involved in alleged war crimes
against the Kurds and Druze.
22-1-2026:
Barrack meets SDF leader after giving Damascus 'green light' to attack
Syria's Kurdish regions
After meetings in Paris earlier this month,
the US and Israel gave self-appointed Syrian
President Ahmad al-Sharaa – a former Al-Qaeda commander – the
green light
to attack SDF-held areas.
The US and Israeli green light for Sharaa to
attack the SDF came as a surprise, as the US and
Israel have partnered with the Kurdish-dominated SDF since 2015, helping it
capture large swathes of territory in northeast Syria from ISIS.
When Sharaa and HTS, the former Al-Qaeda
affiliate, ousted Assad in December 2024, the US
and Israeli partnership with the Kurdish-led SDF lost much of its strategic
value.
Sharaa’s forces, which contain former ISIS
elements, also took control of several SDF prisons, releasing imprisoned
ISIS fighters and their families.
The release of ISIS prisoners and Sharaa’s
control of new areas along the Iraqi border have
raised fears of a Syrian government attack on Iraq.
In 2014, ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi ordered
his forces to invade Iraq from Syria, quickly
capturing major cities including Ramadi, Falluja, and Mosul.
Syrian President Sharaa is a
former deputy of ISIS leader Baghdadi.
22-1-2026:
US considering withdrawing all its troops from Syria: Report
22-1-2026:
Trump's betrayal of his Kurdish allies in Syria should have been no surprise
While it
remains unclear exactly how this agreement will be implemented, it points to
the effective collapse of the SDF and the end of nearly 14 years of Kurdish
autonomy in northeastern Syria. The Syrian state, now under the
leadership of
Ahmed al-Sharaa, controls more territory than at any point since 2012.
On 20 January,
Tom Barrack, Trump's ambassador to
Turkey and special envoy to Syria,
stated: "The original purpose of the SDF as the
primary anti-ISIS [IS] force on the ground has largely expired."
The SDF and many Kurds were
outraged by this apparent
betrayal by Washington.
Finally,
Sharaa's offer to serve as Washington's principal partner against the
Islamic State in Syria is more attractive than
continued reliance on the SDF. The former is a recognised state
actor, while the latter remains a non-state force that a key US ally,
Turkey, designates as terrorist.
Selling out Syria's Kurds is far from
unique, and represents the latest episode in a long history of Kurdish
betrayal by the US.
This chapter of
Kurdish autonomy might be ending, but another could
open in Syria or elsewhere in the future should the US or another outsider
have a need for Kurdish militants in pursuit of wider interests.
22-1-2026:
US army begins 'transfer' of ISIS prisoners from Syria to Iraq
The US military has, for years, been
transferring
ISIS militants across different
countries in the region.
22-1-2026:
US military starts moving Islamic State prisoners from Syria to Iraq
21-1-2026:
How Syria’s Kurds were erased from the US-led endgame
For nearly 15 years, US flags flew over Syrian
territory with near-total impunity – from Kurdish towns to oil-rich
outposts. In the northeast, the Kurdish-led Syrian
Democratic Forces (SDF) manned checkpoints, American convoys moved freely,
and local councils governed as if the arrangement was permanent.
Then, in the first week of January, that
illusion was broken.
What had passed for a military partnership was quietly dismantled in a Paris
backroom – without Kurdish participation, without warning, and without
resistance. Within days, Washington's most loyal proxy in Syria no longer
had its protection.
Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) – an extremist
militant group stemming from the Nusra Front –
advanced with unexpected momentum, achieving gains few analysts had
predicted. But the real story was the absence of resistance from forces
that, until recently, had been told they were indispensable.
In this
equation, a Syria without the SDF suited everyone who mattered. For
Turkiye, it meant eliminating the Kurdish question. For Israel, it meant a
northern border
stripped of resistance. For Washington, it
meant a redesigned Syrian state aligned with its regional architecture.
Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan was present
in Paris and
played an active role in the negotiations.
Its demands were clear: US support for the SDF must
end, and the so-called “David
Corridor”
must be blocked. In exchange, Turkiye would not obstruct Israeli operations
in
southern Syria.
US
officials attempted to sell a new vision to Kurdish leaders: participation
in a unified Syrian state without distinct political status. The SDF
rejected this, and demanded constitutional guarantees. It also refused to
dissolve its forces, citing security concerns.
Washington’s silence in the face of chaos near its own installations only
confirmed what the Kurds are now forced to accept: the alliance is over.
21-1-2026:
China is playing the long game in this volatile Middle Eastern theater
21-1-2026:
US forces transferring Daesh prisoners from Syria to Iraq: CENTCOM
21-1-2026:
'The US destroyed the Kurdish nation': Fury and betrayal in northeast Syria
21-1-2026:
Syria after Assad: The SDF is officially dead. What comes next?
21-1-2026:
Videos circulating online show SDF supporters attacking Syrians across
Europe
21-1-2026:
Syrian forces enter Al-Hawl Camp, set free thousands of ISIS members
The Syrian military has
entered Hasakah governorate’s Al-Hawl Camp,
which for around a decade housed tens of thousands of ISIS prisoners and
their families including foreigners who entered
Syria illegally to join the US-backed war against former Syrian president
Bashar al-Assad’s government.
Since the Syrian army entered the camp on 20
January, thousands of ISIS members and their
families have been released from Al-Hawl.
Al-Roj Camp and the Hasakah Prison also hold tens
of thousands of ISIS militants. Government forces are nearby but have not
yet entered those two prisons.
Yet Hasakah’s Al-Shaddadi Prison fell to
government troops after the
SDF said it could no longer hold the facility
due to continuous attacks. The Kurdish group
slammed the US coalition, located at a base two kilometers away, for
ignoring repeated distress calls and requests for assistance.
According to Kurdish media,
at least 1,500 ISIS members have escaped from
Al-Shaddadi. Damascus claims a little over 100 ISIS members escaped,
and accused the SDF of letting them out.
Over the last few days, the Syrian army
has captured large swathes of northern and eastern
Syria, including all the major oil fields and several strategic cities such
as Raqqa. This came after heavy clashes between the SDF and the
Syrian army in Aleppo – where Kurdish forces no longer have any significant
presence.
20-1-2026:
Rapid unravelling of SDF removes 'main irritant' in US-Turkey ties
20-1-2026:
Exclusive: US envoy accused SDF chief of trying to drag Israel into internal
Syria matters, sources say
The
US special envoy for
Syria, Tom Barrack, accused the commander of
the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) of attempting to drag
Israel into internal Syrian
matters during a tense closed-door meeting before Sunday's ceasefire
agreement was signed, diplomatic sources told Middle East Eye
The US envoy,
who has repeatedly advocated for a unified state,
accused the SDF leader of "stalling, failing to implement the agreement with
the Syrian government, and relying on foreign powers," the sources
said.
"You are trying to drag Israel into
the conflict, and this will not happen," Barrack reportedly told
Abdi, warning that such a move would bring destruction and risk friction
between two of Washington’s most important regional allies, Turkey and
Israel, the sources added.
"There are certain figures from the
side of the Israeli state engaged in communications with our side...
and if this conversation leads to support, we would be open to support...
from any source," Ilham Ahmed, a senior SDF official, told reporters on
Tuesday.
20-1-2026:
Syria accuses SDF of ‘political blackmail’ after Islamic State prisoners
allegedly freed
20-1-206:
Syria-SDF deal reached as US says partnership with Kurdish-led group
'expired'
The raison d'être for a security
partnership between the
US and the Syrian
Democratic Forces (SDF) has “largely expired”, US ambassador Tom
Barrack said on Tuesday, as a sweeping compromise to end fighting between
Damascus and the Kurdish-led force was announced.
The deal will
see Kurdish fighters integrate into the Syrian army
as individuals, as opposed to Kurdish-led divisions, which had long
been an SDF request in a bid to retain some form of autonomy.
Damascus
will also take over “key infrastructure” including
border crossings, oil facilities, Islamic State (IS) militant group prisons
and detention camps, along with dams - a key asset in the water-scarce
region of eastern Syria.
However, Syria
has witnessed sectarian violence against
Christians, Alawites and Druze since its Islamist forces toppled former
President Bashar al-Assad in late December 2024.
Barrack said
the US was “actively facilitating [the] transition” of authority in
northeastern Syria to Damascus “rather than prolonging a separate SDF role”.
He laid out the most cogent summary of US policy in Syria to date.
20-1-2026: US Ambassador Tom Barrack:
The original purpose of the SDF as the primary anti-ISIS force on the ground
has largely expired, as Damascus is now both willing and positioned to take
over security responsibilities, including control of ISIS detention
facilities and camps
This shifts the rationale for the US-SDF
partnership: the original purpose of the SDF as the primary
anti-ISIS force on the ground has largely expired,
as Damascus is now both willing and positioned to take over security
responsibilities, including control of ISIS detention facilities and camps
Recent developments show
the US actively facilitating this transition, rather than prolonging a
separate SDF role.
19-1-2026:
Syrian forces overrun ISIS prison as SDF condemns US inaction
19-1-2026:
Syria deal with Kurdish forces hands Turkey a strategic win
19-1-2026:
Syrian army deploys in Deir Ezzor as ceasefire redraws control in the north
19-1-2026:
Syrian govt solidifies grip on nation after clashes with US-backed militias
The Syrian
government in Damascus announced a deal with US-backed Kurdish militias on
Sunday that strengthens its control over northeastern parts of the country.
Under the deal,
the US-backed Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces
(SDF) will integrate into government institutions as demanded by Damascus.
The central authorities will also assert civilian control over the
northeastern governorates of Raqqa, Deir ez-Zor, and Al-Hasakah, previously
under Kurdish administration and contested in the recent fighting.
18-1-2026:
Syria's HTS regime agrees to truce with SDF after its troops advance
18-1-2026:
Syrian army moves into Raqqa city after seizing key oil fields from
US-backed SDF
18-1-2026:
Syria reaches ceasefire with SDF, wins 'significant concessions from Kurds'
The agreement comes after
Syrian forces loyal to President Ahmad al-Sharaa,
the former Al-Qaeda and ISIS commander, took control of the strategic town
of Tabqa and Raqqa from the SDF early Sunday.
The SDF was formed by the US-led military
coalition in Syria in 2015, and has since helped
Washington oversee its occupation of Syrian oil fields.
18-1-2026:
Syria: SDF left weakened, short of territory and oil after ceasefire,
experts say
18-1-2026:
Syrian government and SDF agree ceasefire after heavy fighting in northeast
17-1-2026:
SDF reports 'intense clashes' as Syrian army advances in Aleppo and Raqqa
17-1-2026:
US threatens to reimpose Caesar sanctions on Syria over SDF operations:
Report
17-1-2026:
Syrian forces press assault on SDF positions following Aleppo withdrawal
17-1-2026:
Syrian Kurds seek constitutional recognition after rights decree
16-1-2026:
US urges SDF pullback from eastern Aleppo, say sources
16-1-2026:
Syrian Kurds reject US call to leave Aleppo as Damascus prepares new
offensive
16-1-2026:
Israeli troops steal 250 goats from Syria and smuggle them to occupied West
Bank
14-1-2026:
Israel–Syria security pact stumbles as Tel Aviv rejects withdrawal: Report
11-1-2026:
US conducts ‘large-scale’ strikes in Syria
10-1-2026:
Syrian army announces stop to Aleppo offensive, but Kurdish fighters deny
halt
9-1-2026:
Syria declares ceasefire in Aleppo after clashes with Kurds (VIDEOS)
9-1-2026:
Kurdish forces refuse to withdraw from Aleppo after ceasefire
8-1-2026:
Deadly clashes hit Aleppo as two US-backed sides battle for control
8-1-2026:
Israeli forces abduct four young Syrians after incursion into Syria's
Quneitra
8-1-2026:
Syrian army launches major assault on Aleppo’s Kurdish neighborhoods
8-1-2026:
Syrian army shells civilian targets, issues
forced evacuation orders in Aleppo's Kurdish neighborhoods
7-1-2026:
Deadly clashes erupt in Syria’s Aleppo as US-backed SDF forces defy HTS rule
7-1-2026:
Syrian army shells Kurdish areas of Aleppo declared 'closed military zones'
7-1-2026:
Fragmented and armed: The hidden wars of post-Assad Syria
More than 15 years later,
assassinations and bombings have become the
clearest indicators of Syria’s post-war order. These are targeted
operations that expose the fragility of the new power structure, the
unresolved legacies of extremist factionalism, and the survival of covert
networks that predate the fall
of Damascus.
The
foundation of the Nusra Front began with a 25-page proposal authored by a
Syrian, ‘Aws
al-Mosuli,’
submitted to Baghdadi in 2011. Once greenlit by both Baghdadi and
Zawahiri, Mosuli and five others – including Abu Julaybib al-Urduni, Abu
Anas al-Sahaba, Abu Omar al-Filistini, Saleh Hama, and Abu Ahmad Hudud –
crossed into Syria. They were received by Abu Maria al-Qahtani, forming the
seven-man nucleus of what would become Al-Qaeda’s
Syrian arm.
By January
2012, the group emerged publicly as the Nusra Front, with Mosuli assuming
the alias Abu Mohammad al-Julani (now recognized as self-appointed Syrian
President Ahmad
al-Sharaa).
Within months, Nusra gained ground across Syria, capturing Raqqa,
swathes of Deir Ezzor and Idlib, parts of Aleppo, and establishing a
commanding presence in Deraa. The group quickly became the most powerful
armed force on Syrian soil.
Western media began to fixate on its Al-Qaeda
ties, while regional powers like Turkiye
and Qatar
maneuvered between rival opposition groupings, each vying for leverage.
Nusra’s
rapid rise brought tension with its Iraq-based counterpart. In early 2013,
Bakr al‑Baghdadi announced a merger of his forces with the Nusra Front and
attempted to subsume it into what became the
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). He also issued a
series of demands: assassinate key figures in
Damascus, send bombers to Turkiye, purge non-Sunni populations, and impose
Al-Qaeda’s rule.
Julani
rejected the move,
insisting Nusra remain separate and loyal to Al‑Qaeda’s leadership, a
rift that quickly escalated into an open split and territorial clashes
across Syria.
After
suffering defeats at ISIS’s hands, Nusra rebranded as Jabhat Fateh al-Sham
and declared its split from Al-Qaeda. This triggered another internal
rupture. Founding members like Abu Julaybib and Abu Khadija broke away to
form Hurras al-Din, reviving Al-Qaeda’s presence in Syria.
Julani doubled down. In
2017, he merged Fateh al-Sham with other factions – including Nour al-Din
al-Zenki, Liwa al-Haqq, Jaysh al-Sunna, and Ansar al-Din – forming Hayat
Tahrir al-Sham
(HTS). With ISIS on
the back foot, HTS expanded its control over Idlib,
established the ‘Salvation Government,’ and monopolized key border crossings
with Turkiye.
Its influence
grew beyond mere territory.
HTS enforced tax regimes, regulated NGOs, and
monitored telecommunications. Its security branches conducted assassinations
and abductions of rival commanders. International think tanks speculated
whether Julani could be “rehabilitated” into a legitimate partner for the
west
An
undeclared truce was in place between ISIS and HTS in the immediate
aftermath of Assad’s fall. ISIS limited its attacks to minorities and the
US-backed, Kurdish-led Syrian
Democratic Forces
(SDF). That changed in November 2025, when the new Syrian government joined
the international coalition. ISIS began directly targeting the new
authorities.
Farghali dismisses theories that such attacks are
rogue actions, insisting they follow calculated
targeting patterns and reflect deep infiltration across former factions,
from HTS to Ahrar al-Sham.
Syria’s
new rulers face an entrenched inheritance of ideological conflict, covert
rivalries, and embedded militant networks.
The success of Syria’s transition
will depend not only on securing borders or
drafting constitutions, but on whether the state can impose authority where
parallel structures still operate in the dark.
6-1-2026:
Historic hospital leveled in Quneitra amid Israeli incursions into Syria
6-1-2026:
Israeli forces raid Quneitra countryside in new violation of Syria’s
sovereignty
Israeli
military forces have launched a new incursion into several areas in the
countryside of Syria’s southwestern province of Quneitra, in the latest
violation of the country’s sovereignty, local media say.
6-1-2026:
Israeli and Syrian officials hold 'positive' talks over security agreement
6-1-2026:
Syrian, Israeli officials meet in Paris under US mediation
This is the fifth round of Syrian–Israeli talks,
but the first in nearly two months. The talks are expected to last two days.
The
Israeli army occupied large swathes of southern
Syria
the moment former Syrian president Bashar al-Assad’s government collapsed,
declaring the 1974 Disengagement Agreement null. It has since established
permanent outposts and has seized control over vital water sources –
practically encircling the Syrian capital.
The
occupation continues to expand as Israeli forces carry out almost daily
raids. In a span of one year, the Israeli army attacked Syria over
600 times.
5-1-2026:
HTS officials, Israelis meets in Paris amid intensified attacks on Syria
The talks are
primarily focused on reactivating the 1974 Disengagement Agreement, ensuring
the withdrawal of Israeli forces to their positions prior to December 8,
2014, within the framework of an equitable security agreement that
prioritizes full Syrian sovereignty and guarantees the prevention of any
form of interference in internal affairs,
Instead of
resistance to the ongoing Israeli military operations, HTS’s lack of action
and its normalization overtures to Tel Aviv appear to have given Israel
greater leeway to expand its occupation and conduct more airstrikes and
ground incursions.
4-1-2026:
UK, France conduct joint airstrike on Daesh facility near Syria’s Palmyra
2-1-2026:
The downfall of Luna al-Shibl: How Assad's media czar was silenced
1-1-2026:
Senior Assad commander reveals plan to destabilise Syria to 'fake Israeli
agent'
Senior military
figures from the former
Syrian government discuss efforts to
destabilise the country and even coordinate with
Israel to achieve it in
leaked audio recordings, Al Jazeera has reported.
Suheil
al-Hassan, the commander of the elite Quwwat al-Nimr
(Tiger Forces) unit, was among several high-ranking officers from Bashar
al-Assad’s former government implicated in the leak, which has not
been verified by Middle East Eye.
In one
recording, a source identified as a hacker or intermediary is heard assuring
Hassan of Israeli backing.
“The
State of Israel, with all its capabilities, will stand with you,” the
source says to Hassan.
Hassan is also
heard making disparaging remarks about
Palestinians, Shia and Sunni Muslims, as well as Christians.
When told by
the man posing as a Mossad foreign intelligence officer
that most of the region's Sunnis were ideologically
the same as Hamas, Hassan responds: "The Shias are the same and the Eastern
Christians are even worse."
According to
intercepted phone calls, text messages and group chats, the NYT reported
that former intelligence chiefs and military commanders - many now based in
Russia and Lebanon – were quietly rebuilding
loyalist networks among the Alawi community. The commanders included Hassan
of the Tiger Forces.
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